IBS-D, or diarrhea-predominant IBS, is marked by bouts of diarrhea. IBS-C, or constipation-predominant IBS, is - as you can probably guess - mostly marked by constipation. For this reason, IBS is typically broken down into IBS-C, IBS-D, IBS-M, and IBS-U. Irritable Bowel Syndrome can affect individuals differently. Needless to say, though, the pathophysiology of IBS is something that is heavily studied. As we aren't doctors, we couldn't possibly get into all the theories about IBS here. You'll notice a pattern here - scientists and doctors simply don't know what the root cause of IBS is, or even if there is a root cause at all. While not all IBS sufferers will experience flairs from stress, many seem to do so. Stress is theorized to be another common trigger of IBS. While that doesn't mean that IBS is necessarily caused by food intolerances, they do seem to be a common trigger. This doesn't mean, however, that IBS is "all in your head." In fact, in 90% of patients, symptoms can be traced directly back to food intolerance. Likewise, IBS is frequently comorbid with fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and psychiatric disorders. It is not uncommon for those with IBS to have other digestive diseases, too - like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The most common symptoms of IBS are abdominal pain or discomfort, diarrhea, constipation, an increase in urgency, increased flatulence, and bloating. Ultimately, though, doctors haven't been able to pinpoint one specific cause. These include everything from motility disorders, gut-brain axis dysfunction, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), genetics, food sensitivities, infections, stress, other diseases, and many, many more.
So, what causes IBS? Doctors aren't sure - although a number of theories have been put forward. IBS is typically used as a diagnosis when abdominal pain, digestive distress, or an abnormal pattern of bowel movements affects someone in the absence of anything being obviously physically wrong. One of the reasons why IBS is so common is because it's something of a catch-all. Irritable Bowel Syndrome, or IBS, is one of the most common afflictions in the Western world, with somewhere between 10 - 15% of the total population estimated to suffer from it at one time or another.
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